Brighamia insignis: The Hawaiian Palm and Its Care

Brighamia insignis: The Hawaiian Palm and Its Care

Brighamia insignis, commonly known as the Hawaiian palm, cabbage-on-a-stick, or ʻŌlulu, is one of the rarest and most fascinating plants in the world. Native to the cliffs of Kauaʻi in Hawaii, this endangered species has captured the attention of plant collectors and conservationists alike due to its unique appearance, delicate beauty, and incredible survival story.

Contrary to its nickname, Brighamia insignis is not a true palm. It’s actually a member of the Campanulaceae (bellflower) family. What makes it resemble a palm is its thick, succulent stem topped with a rosette of glossy green leaves, creating a tropical, tree-like look that makes it an eye-catching addition to any indoor plant collection.

History and Conservation

In the wild, Brighamia insignis is functionally extinct. Its habitat—steep volcanic cliffs—is extremely difficult to access, and the plant’s natural pollinator (a species of hawk moth) is believed to be extinct. Conservation efforts, including hand-pollination and seed collection by botanists rappelling down cliffs, have helped preserve the species in cultivation. Today, it thrives in botanical gardens and among private collectors worldwide.

Appearance

This small, tree-like succulent can grow up to 3–5 feet (1–1.5 meters) tall in cultivation. Its thick, water-storing trunk supports a crown of spoon-shaped leaves. During fall or early winter, mature plants may produce fragrant, creamy yellow, star-shaped flowers, adding further interest and beauty.

How to Care for Brighamia insignis

Although exotic in appearance, Brighamia insignis is relatively easy to care for and makes an excellent houseplant with the right conditions.

Light Requirements

Provide bright, indirect light or partial sun. A south- or west-facing window is ideal, but protect it from harsh direct rays that could scorch the leaves. Outdoors, it can be grown in partial shade in warmer climates (USDA zones 10–11).

Temperature and Humidity

This plant prefers warm temperatures between 60–85°F (16–29°C). It does not tolerate frost, so if you live in a cooler climate, grow it indoors or in a greenhouse. Moderate humidity is ideal; however, it adapts well to typical indoor conditions.

Soil and Potting

Use a well-draining cactus or succulent mix, or create your own with equal parts potting soil, sand, and perlite. The plant is prone to root rot if left in soggy soil, so good drainage is essential. A pot with drainage holes is a must.

Watering

Water moderately during the growing season (spring through early fall), allowing the top inch of soil to dry between waterings. Reduce watering significantly in winter when the plant enters a semi-dormant state. Be careful not to overwater, as the plant’s thick stem stores moisture.

Feeding

Feed monthly during the growing season with a balanced, diluted liquid fertilizer. Avoid fertilizing during winter dormancy.

Repotting and Maintenance

Repot every 2–3 years or when the plant outgrows its container. Keep an eye out for pests like mealybugs and spider mites, especially in dry indoor air.

Final Thoughts

Brighamia insignis is more than just a conversation starter—it’s a living piece of botanical history. With its elegant form and resilient nature, this rare Hawaiian gem can thrive indoors with simple care and attention. Growing it not only brings beauty to your space, but also contributes to the conservation of a species that nearly disappeared from the wild.